nginx添加模块之动态加载
之前的文章讲过如何如何在已安装的nginx上添加Brotli模块,使用的是重新编译nginx可执行文件的方式加入新的模块。但自1.9.11
版本后的nginx已支持动态模块,自此,给nginx添加模块再也不用重新编译nginx可执行文件了,本文即是讲解如何将nginx模块编译成so库,供nginx在运行时有选择性的加载。
整个过程分3步:
- 下载相同版本nginx源码和新模块源码
- 使用nginx源码中的编译配置将新模块编译成so库文件
- 复制编译后的新模块库文件到指定文件夹,nginx配置文件中声明加载模块配置
下载源码包
查看一下当前nginx版本;
nginx -V
输出:
nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips 26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/client_body --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/fastcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/tmp/scgi --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/run/lock/subsys/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module=dynamic --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail=dynamic --with-mail_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-pcre-jit --with-stream=dynamic --with-stream_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module --with-debug --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-cc1 -m64 -mtune=generic' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -specs=/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/redhat-hardened-ld -Wl,-E'
到官网下载与nginx -V
中输出的版本一直的源码包文件,以我当前版本为例:
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
解压:
tar -zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
下载模块源码,以brotli模块为例:
git clone https://github.com/google/ngx_brotli
进入ngx_brotli
文件夹,下载该模块所需的子模块,编译的若非ngx_brotli
模块则可跳过这一步:
cd ngx_brotli
git submodule update --init
编译模块
进入到之前解压出来的nginx源码文件夹,执行指令:
./configure --with-compat --add-dynamic-module=模块源码目录绝对路径
以我操作时的路径为例:
./configure --with-compat --add-dynamic-module=/release/ngx_brotli
成功执行输出示例:
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
编译模块:
make modules
完成后查看编译好的模块:
ls -lrt objs/*.so
输出:
objs/ngx_http_brotli_filter_module.so
objs/ngx_http_brotli_static_module.so
加载模块
将编译好的两个.so
库文件复制到nginx -V
输出中的--modules-path
配置指向的目录中:
cp objs/*.so /usr/lib64/nginx/modules/
将模块库文件目录软链到nginx配置目录中:
ln -s /usr/lib64/nginx/modules /etc/nginx/modules
创建模块管理配置文件:
touch /etc/nginx/modules.conf
修改nginx.conf
配置文件:
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
在pid /run/nginx.pid;
这一行的下面引入刚创建的模块管理配置文件:
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# 加载模块管理配置文件
include /etc/nginx/modules.conf;
编辑模块管理配置文件:
vim /etc/nginx/modules.conf
写入如下配置,加载刚编译的模块:
# Brotli模块
load_module modules/ngx_http_brotli_filter_module.so;
load_module modules/ngx_http_brotli_static_module.so;
保存后检查配置是否正确:
nginx -t
配置文件通过检查则输出如下示例:
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
重启nginx:
nginx -s reload
最后附上本文示例中的Brotli模块开启压缩的配置,若安装的是其他模块则自行编写其他配置,nginx.conf
配置文件的HTTP块配置中:
http {
......省略其他配置......
# 开启gzip压缩
gzip on;
gzip_buffers 32 4K;
gzip_comp_level 6;
gzip_min_length 200;
gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/xml application/json text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
gzip_vary on;
# 开启brotli压缩协议的支持
brotli on;
brotli_types text/plain text/css text/xml application/xml application/json text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript;
brotli_static off;
brotli_comp_level 8;
brotli_window 512k;
brotli_min_length 20;
......省略其他配置......
}